Why Do My Gums Bleed When I Brush? Understanding the Causes and How to Fix It

If you’ve seen a hint of pink in the sink after brushing or flossing, you’re definitely not alone. Bleeding gums are a common dental issue, and although it can seem concerning, it usually just means your gums need a little extra attention — not alarm.

In this guide, we’ll explain why gums bleed, what it means for your health, and what you can do to stop it.

1. Inflammation: The #1 Reason Your Gums Are Bleeding

The most common cause of bleeding gums is gingivitis, an early form of gum disease. Gingivitis begins silently — no pain, just mild inflammation. Gingivitis is an inflammation of the gums caused by plaque buildup. Plaque is a sticky film of bacteria that forms on your teeth throughout the day. If it isn’t removed by brushing and flossing, it hardens into tartar, which irritates the gums.

What causes gingivitis?

• Plaque buildup along the gumline

• Skipping flossing

• Brushing too lightly or too quickly

• Inconsistent dental cleanings

When plaque isn’t removed thoroughly, it hardens into tartar, irritating your gums and making them bleed easily.

Signs you may have gingivitis:

• Puffy or swollen gums

• Red or darkened gum color

• Sensitivity when brushing or flossing

• Bad breath that doesn’t go away

The good news? Gingivitis is reversible with proper care.

2. You May Be Brushing Too Hard

It’s a common myth that brushing harder makes your teeth cleaner — but in reality, aggressive brushing can wear down the enamel and irritate your gums, causing them to bleed. Your gums are soft and sensitive, so too much pressure can make them recede or become inflamed over time.

How to fix it:

• Use a soft-bristled toothbrush

• Brush using gentle, circular motions

• Hold your toothbrush lightly, like a pencil, to avoid excess pressure

A gentle touch is all you need. Your gums respond better to consistent, careful brushing than forceful scrubbing.

3. Not Flossing Regularly (or Flossing Too Roughly)

If you only floss right before a dental appointment, your gums will almost always bleed — and that’s completely normal. When plaque sits between your teeth for days or weeks, the gum tissue in those tight spaces becomes inflamed and sensitive. So the moment you floss again, the irritated tissue reacts by bleeding.

But here’s the important part: bleeding is actually a sign that you need to floss more, not less.
With consistent daily flossing, the inflammation reduces, the gum tissue becomes healthier, and the bleeding usually stops within a few days to a couple of weeks.

On the other hand, flossing too aggressively can also cause bleeding. Snapping the floss down or rubbing it harshly against the gums can create tiny cuts and irritation.

Tips for healthier, gentler flossing:

• Glide the floss gently between teeth

• Curve it into a “C” shape around each tooth

• Slide it up and down the tooth’s surface — not into the gums

• Take your time and be consistent

Healthy gums should not bleed with regular flossing, which makes gentle, daily flossing one of the simplest and most effective ways to stop gum bleeding over time.

4. Hormonal Changes

Shifts in hormone levels can make your gums more sensitive, swollen, and prone to bleeding. These changes affect how your body responds to plaque, making the gums react more easily even if your oral hygiene hasn’t changed.

Common triggers include:

• Pregnancy

• Menstruation

• Birth control

• Puberty

Many expecting mothers experience pregnancy gingivitis, a temporary condition caused by increased blood flow to the gums. While hormone-related gum changes are normal, regular brushing, flossing, and professional cleanings can help keep symptoms under control.

5. Medications That Increase Bleeding

Some medications can make your gums more likely to bleed because they affect how your blood clots or how your body responds to inflammation. Even if your brushing habits haven’t changed, these medications can cause gums to bleed more easily.

Common examples include:

• Blood thinners

• Certain blood pressure medications

• Anti-inflammatory drugs

If you’ve recently started a new medication and noticed increased gum bleeding, let your dentist know. They can check your gum health and work with your physician if adjustments are needed.

When Should You See a Dentist?

Call us if your gums:

• Bleed daily

• Look swollen or dark red

• Hurt when brushing or flossing

• Pull away from your teeth

• Come with bad breath or loose teeth

Bleeding gums are your body’s way of saying, “Hey, something needs attention!”

How to Stop Gum Bleeding at Home

✔ Brush twice a day with a soft toothbrush

✔ Floss daily

✔ Use an antiseptic mouth rinse

✔ Stay hydrated

✔ Maintain a balanced diet

✔ Stop smoking (if applicable)

And most importantly — get regular dental cleanings.
Tartar can only be removed by a professional.

Healthy Gums = A Healthy Smile

Bleeding gums don’t have to be a permanent problem. With the right habits — and a little help from your dental team — you can restore your gum health quickly and comfortably.

If your gums have been bleeding lately, we’re here to help.

📅 Book your dental checkup today at iDental Family Dentistry & Orthodontics!
📍 1320 S Green Bay Rd, Racine, WI
📞 262-223-0280
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